Know-How Exchange : Other

Christine, I'm not sure it's clear what you're trying to learn. Where did you find these "5 Marketing Management Philosophies?" Can you help us by either pointing to a reference or defining more clearly what you're asking?

Some articles for you:
https://www.blacksacademy.net/content/3991.html
https://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Production-orientation
https://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Sales-orientation
https://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Marketing-orientation

Dear Christine,

The difference between THE philosophies is very simple.. try to see them this way:

Production orientation 'management'(this is the key word!) focuses on improving profits through efficiency gains and limited expenditure (very often referred to 'marketing budget') --> You can notice this behaviour in in developing countries where you have inexperienced entrepreneurs that try to cut costs everywhere and desire to see the bucks before actually investing some (again, marketing budget limitations).

Product Orientation: Here the focus is on the quality of the product. The product is so perfect in its own idea, that managers who pursue this philosophy might find themselves caught in a trap with low sales volume as the 'perfect product' is either not promoted properly, or worse, is not needed by the market.

Selling Orientation: Simple as it says, this kind of management approach to marketing pushes sales regardless of whether the product/service is good, bad or needed at all. Imagine a horse with eye-blinds. See salesmen working for an insurance company (as opposed to an insurance broker).

Marketing Orientation: This is what marketing was until not long ago. Your primary objective, and this is what marketeers have to fight for with management every sacred day, is to provide the customers with what they actually need, and not what WE want to sell to them.

Holistic marketing orientation or societa marketing orientation is based on the previous one, and embraces everything and anything that is embraces and attributes importance to the customers, the product/service, the internal and external environment and so on at once.

I hope this clarifies some of your doubts.

Best luck,
Davide Pasini